Varicose veins are a disease in which they stretch and reduce the elasticity of the walls.This disease occurs as a result of impaired outflow from the veins;often the disease is localized in the lower part of the leg.This is the most common pathological condition that occurs with vascular disease.It occurs several times more often in women than in men.
Varicose veins can appear in women with pelvic vein dilatation, in men in the form of varicocele, and in any person in the form of hemorrhoids.Often pregnancy is a factor that provokes the development of this condition, because changes in blood rheology towards thickening, as well as increased uterine pressure on pelvic veins, increase venous stagnation.
The disease develops due to the inefficiency of the venous valves, changes in the vascular wall (its expansion, decreased elasticity).
How are varicose veins manifested?
This pathological process does not start completely suddenly, but initially the symptoms of varicose veins are not typical and can be associated with normal fatigue.The overflow of veins with blood is accompanied by a feeling of heaviness in the legs, and fatigue when walking and standing for a long time develops faster than before.
At this stage, the treatment and prevention of the disease is most effective, but many people do not pay attention to this, so they most often go to see a doctor in already severe cases.
The formation of a vascular network in the form of "stars" or "bands" begins to cause some discomfort, because in addition to increased fatigue and the appearance of swelling, many women are concerned about the fact that the appearance of the legs becomes less aesthetic.
The pool of blood in the vessels does not disappear on its own, so the disease begins to develop.As a result, the swelling becomes more noticeable, it does not disappear after taking a horizontal position, muscle pain appears, and metabolic disorders lead to the development of cramps in the legs, especially characteristic of this disease, the skin of the legs is dry and irritated.
At the same time, veins begin to stand out, which are clearly visible under the skin, like blue strands, some of them change shape, become denser and more convoluted.Patients are concerned about skin discoloration and itching.If phlebitis occurs, the vein swells, becomes harder, and the skin in this area becomes red.
With varicose veins in the pelvis, pain most often occurs in the lower abdomen, which is characterized by intensification when lifting heavy objects, before the onset of menstruation, and during sexual intercourse.All these conditions lead to increased blood flow and congestion.Factors that provoke the development of small pelvic varicose veins are pregnancy and childbirth.
Features of circulatory disorders in deep veins
Some people think that varicose veins are just a cosmetic defect that causes problems only for the fair sex, but this is not so.The main outflow of blood from the legs to the heart is through deep veins, so this pathology does not always manifest itself in the form of external changes.
The manifestation of the disease, with the predominance of phenomena such as deep varicose veins, does not differ from other variants of the disease - a feeling of heaviness in the legs appears, swelling develops, which increases as the pathological changes develop, and then changes in skin color and the development of trophic ulcers in the affected area occur.
There are cases when varicose veins from deep veins on the lower part of the legs develop secondarily, as a result of stagnation in all veins, because the disturbance in the outflow in the superficial channels causes an increase in pressure in the superficial channels.
Treatment and therapy
Treatment of varicose veins can be therapeutic and surgical.In a conservative way, you can reduce the situation if the changes in the veins are not too significant;for this, there are venotonics, ointments and gels for topical use.All this is combined with wearing compression socks.
Surgical methods include many radical relief methods for severe varicose veins.These include phlebectomy, crossectomy, and vein extraction.Among modern methods, endoscopic vein surgery is practiced.